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FLOOR() in SQL

Rounds a number down to the nearest integer or to a specified decimal place. Always rounds toward negative infinity.

Syntax

FLOOR(number)

Return type

NUMERIC (or equivalent numeric type in the respective DBMS)

FLOOR() Function Example

SELECT FLOOR(123.45);
-- Output: 123

What is FLOOR() in SQL?

The FLOOR() function in SQL rounds a given number down to the nearest integer, always rounding toward negative infinity. This means that for positive numbers, it removes the decimal portion, and for negative numbers, it rounds further away from zero. FLOOR() is commonly used in financial calculations, statistical analysis, and mathematical operations where rounding down is necessary. It is supported across various SQL databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQL Server, and Oracle, making it a versatile function for handling numeric data.

Parameters:

number: The numeric value to be rounded down

Example Use Cases:

-- Calculate complete hours from minutes

SELECT FLOOR(total_minutes/60) AS complete_hours FROM time_logs; 
-- Output:
complete_hours
-------------
2
5
3
8
4

-- Get whole dollar amounts

SELECT FLOOR(price) AS base_price FROM products; 
-- Output:
base_price
----------
19
24
99
149
499

-- Calculate complete weeks

SELECT FLOOR(days/7) AS complete_weeks FROM periods;
-- Output:
complete_weeks
-------------
4
2
6
3
8

Notes:

Behavior: Always rounds down (e.g., 2.9 becomes 2, -2.1 becomes -3)
Performance Considerations: Basic numeric operation, highly efficient
Version Info: Core mathematical function available in all major DBMS
Deprecated/Recommended Alternatives: None

Error Handling:

Error: Returns NULL if input is NULL
Recommendation: Use COALESCE if NULL handling needed

Supported Databases:

DBMS

Function / Syntax

Example

Returns NULL

Related Functions:

CEIL()/CEILING()

Rounds a number up to the nearest integer or to a specified decimal place. Always rounds away from zero for positive numbers and toward zero for negative numbers.

ROUND()

Rounds a number to a specified number of decimal places or to the nearest integer.

ABS()

Returns the absolute (positive) value of a number by removing the negative sign if present.

MOD()

Returns the remainder after dividing one number by another. Also available as % operator in many databases.

SIGN()

Returns the sign of a number: -1 for negative numbers, 0 for zero, and 1 for positive numbers.

RAND()/RANDOM()

Generates a random number. Without parameters, returns a floating-point number between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive). Some DBMS allow seeding for reproducible results.

SQRT()

Returns the square root of a non-negative number. The square root is the value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the number.

POWER()

Returns the result of raising a base number to a specified power (exponent). Also written as POW() in some databases.

FLOOR()

Rounds a number down to the nearest integer or to a specified decimal place. Always rounds toward negative infinity.

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FLOOR() in SQL

Syntax

Return type

FLOOR() Function Example

What is FLOOR() in SQL?

Parameters:

Example Use Cases:

Notes:

Error Handling:

Supported Databases:

DBMS

Function / Syntax

Example

Behavior with NULL

MySQL

PostgreSQL

SQL Server

SQLite

BigQuery

Snowflake

Athena

Related Functions:

CEIL()/CEILING()

ROUND()

ABS()

MOD()

SIGN()

RAND()/RANDOM()

SQRT()

POWER()

FLOOR()

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One place for all your queries,
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