SELECT * FROM (
    SELECT *, RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY department ORDER BY performance DESC) AS rank
    FROM employees
) ranked WHERE rank <= 3;
-- Output:
department    employee_name    performance    rank
----------    -------------    -----------    ----
Sales         John Smith       95             1
Sales         Sarah Jones      95             1
Sales         Mike Wilson      92             3
Marketing     Lisa Brown       98             1
Marketing     David Lee       94             2
Marketing     Amy Chen        90             3
Engineering   Bob Miller      97             1
Engineering   Jane Doe        96             2
Engineering   Tom Clark       94             3

SELECT product_name,
       sales_amount,
       RANK() OVER (ORDER BY sales_amount DESC) AS sales_rank
FROM products;
-- Output:
product_name        sales_amount    sales_rank
--------------      ------------    ----------
iPhone 13 Pro       150000         1
Samsung Galaxy S21  145000         2
MacBook Pro         140000         2
iPad Air            125000         4
AirPods Pro         100000         5

SELECT student_name,
       score,
       RANK() OVER (ORDER BY score DESC) AS grade_rank
FROM exam_results;
-- Output:
student_name    score    grade_rank
------------    -----    ----------
Alice Johnson   98       1
Bob Smith       98       1
Carol White     95       3
David Brown     92       4
Emma Davis      90       5